When Professor Thorp did his calculations, computers were a little bit slower. While an earlier book Playing Blackjack to Win, by Roger Baldwin et al (1957) exists, and Thorp gives them due credit, Beat the Dealer is certainly the book that popularized the concept and sold over 1,000,000 copies.
ed) laid out a winning strategy for playing Blackjack through card counting. Beat the Dealer by Ed Thorp, published in 1962 (1966 rev.